Governing mechanism for turbines.



No. 761,865. I I PATENTED JUNE 7, 1904. J. WILKINSON.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.4,1904.

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N 761,865. 'PATENTBD JUNE 7, 1904. J. WILKINSON.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAB. 4. 1904.. N0 MODEL.

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7 actuate the motor-fluid valves in groups across UNITED STATES PatentedJune '7, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

WILKINSON STEAM TURBINE ooMPANY, oE BAMA, A- ooEPoE TIoN oE LA A A.

BIRMINGHAM, ALA- GOVERNING MECHANISM FORVTURBINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part er Letters Application filed March 4:, 1904-To all III/(1077b it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES WILKINsoN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Birmingham, in the county of Jefferson and State of Alabama,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governing Mechanismfor Turbines, of which the following is a specification; I

My invention relates to a fluid-pressure governing mechanism formultiple-stage turbines, and has for its object to simplify. and improvethe fluid-controlling means which the stages.

This invention covers an improvement in theconstruction of agovernor-nozzle adapted to operate with a combined injector and injectoreflect to control the fluid-pressure in: conduits leading to thevalve-controlling meansand designed to maintain, by a full ejectoraction at all points of its travel, a partial or complete vacuum in thecontroller-chamber and conduits notsubjected toits injector action.

My invention further relates to improvements in the fluid-pressure meanscontrolling the operation'of the supply and stage valves and in theconstruction of the diaphragms with stage-valve seats disposedhorizontally in a peripheral shoulder whose upper surface serves as asuperheating-table for the reception of steam-coils acting to evaporatethe water of condensation and increase the eificiency ofthe motor fluid.

My invention comprises the construction and arrangement of partshereinafter more specifically set-forth and described, and illustratedin the accompanying drawings, form-' ing a part hereof, and in which-Figure 1 is a partial transverse vertical section through a turbine,which is shown broken away and enlarged-to better illustrate thevalve-controlling means. Fig. .2 is a partial sectional view taken on avertical curved plane through the row of working passages, showing thesupply and stage valves in elevation and illustrating thefluid-pressure-governing mechanism. Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan viewPatent 'No. 761,8 5, dated. June 7, 1904..

Serial No. 196,572. (No model.)

a of the governing mechanism with the nozzle- A casing removed.

Fig. 4 is a similarly-enlarged plan view of thenozzle-piston. Fig.

5 is a top view of the nozzle-casing looking I down through thesupply-port. Fig. 6 is a detail view of a detachable division-plate forthe nozzles.

The same reference-numerals refer to the same parts throughout thedrawings.

Inasmuch as my invention relates principally to valve controlling andactuating means and is equally applicable to turbines of differentconstructions, I have here illustrated only so much of a preferred typeof turbine as is necessary to a clear understanding of the constructionand operation of my governing means.

As shown, the turbine comprises'the sup-- ply-head 1 and diaphragm 2,having a 'shoulder Sand flange 4, which engages and interlooks with saidhead and succeeding diaphragms, being surrounded by astrengthening-shell 5 and secured therein by a shoulder andlocking-stripG in the manner shown in my Patent No. 745,270, issuedNovember 24:, 1903. The shell is cutaway to form the chamber 7, to whichsteam may be admitted in any desirable manner. i

In the head 1 I provide an annular supplypassage 8, which communicateswith a suitable source of motor fluid and delivers it through branchpassages 9'to the several valve-cham-' bers 10, from the lower ends ofwhich lead tapering passages 11, forming thesupply ends of nozzles 12.in an annular strip or ring 13, securely bolted to the inner face ofhead 1, and are subdivided These nozzles 12 are formed by oneor anydesired number of division plates 14: anddisposed at the proper angle todeliver the motor fluid so that it will act with the highest eificiencyagainst the buckets 15,

secured around the rotor-wheel16. The ring motor fluid from buckets 15to pass over the shoulder 3 and through ports 17 in its inner side wallto enter stage-valve chambers 18. A plurality of compound nozzles 19,formed in a strip or ring 20, seated in a recess in the under face ofthe diaphragm and bolted thereto, communicate each with one of thechambers 18 and deliver the motor fluid against the buckets on arotor-wheel 16 in the second stage. Channels 21 are formed in the sidewalls of nozzles 19 for the reception of the removable division-plates22, whose sides are of even thickness throughout to fit securely in saidchannels. The central portion or that part of the plate which isutilized to direct the motor fluid is thickened at its upper end 23 whenit extends beyond the side portions and is slightly curved upwardly toconform with the nozzle-passage 19. This central portion tapers to anedge at the discharge end of the nozzle, so that expanding-passages areformed and designed to abstract any desired percentage of velocity fromthe fluid-pressure. As many of these division-plates may be used asdesired, and they may be secured in channels 21 in any approved manner.

To prevent condensation of the motor fluid to a large extent and toprovide for the disposition of the water of condensation byreevaporation, I form the superheated table on top of shoulder 3 andprovide it with an annular flange 24, between which and flange 4 I coila pipe 25, through which steam is circulated and against which the motorfluid impinges after leaving buckets 15. The effect of this coil will beto maintain the temperature of the fluid in the compartment equal to orgreater than the temperature of the fluid as discharged into thecompartment by the revolving buckets, and by further providing the coils26, which rest upon the diaphragm, the whole compartment temperaturewill be maintained substantially uniform. Since this temperature will beapproximately that of the fluid delivered to the compartment, there willbe no cooler fluid to cause condensation by commingling with the motorfluid. What condensation there is will either be caught on thesuperheated table and evaporated by coils 25 or will be thrown off fromthe buckets and caught by the laminations 27, which are superheated bysteam-jacket 7 and coils 25 and serve to evaporate the water ofcondensation caught by them. These laminations are preferably formed bythin rings or annular disks separated by narrow strips 28, insertedbetween their outer peripheries and adapted to rest on a strip 29, whichsupports the bottom ring above the coils 25. The thin body portions ofthese laminations extend inwardly to a point near the buckets 15, andsince they and the interposed strips 28 are piled up until they coverthe side of the wheel compartments their flanged peripheries 28 will besecurely held in place by the supply-head for their compartment. Theselaminations are very thin and placed so close together that the narrowspaces between them absorb the water of condensation by capillaryattraction and retain it until reevaporated. These laminae may be formedin segments, so that they may be more readily inserted in place andremoved from the compartment.

Vithin each of the chambers 10 in the supply-head I dispose a valve 30,connected by a stem 31 to a piston 32, which moves pressuretight withinthe upper end of the chamber above the supply-passage 9. These chambers10 are preferably formed as lower portions of chambers bored downwardlythrough the head and provided with a reducing-shoulder 33, upon whichrests a block 34. This block 34 constitutes the upper head for thechambers 10 and has a central cylinder 35, leading partiallytherethrough and connected by a passage 36 with a chamber 37. Anextension 38 of the piston 32 moves pressure-tight within the cylinder35, which is beveled at its upper end to correspond with the beveled endof the extension 38. I provide an annular recess 39 in the under side ofthe plug 34aud seat therein a spring 40, which engages the piston 32 andtends to move it toward its closed position. I provide apressure-controller chamber formed by a casing 41, seated upon the plug34 in the chamber in the head, and by a recessed screw-plug 42, which isin screwthreaded engagement with the upper end of the said chamber, andbetween which in said casing 41 a circular corrugated pressure-diaphragm43 is securely held in place. 'lhrough a passage 44 in the center ofcasing 41 communication is established between the chamber 37 and thecontroller-chambcr below the diaphragm. Within the chamber 37 in theplug is a controller-valve 45, having a stem 46, leading through thepassage 44 and connected by bolts or in any suitable manner to thecenter of the diaphragm 43. The lower end of the passage 44 and theupper end of the oppositelydisposed passage 36 are beveled and formseats for the double-headed valve 45, whose ends are also beveled toassist the action of the governed pressure above the diaphragm incausing the valve to move always the full length of its stroke, which,it will be noted, is very short. A collar 47,secured to or formedintegral with the valve 45, serves as a stop between which and thecasing 41 is interposed a coil-spring 48, tending to move the valve toclose passage 36. A restricted passage 45) leads from the bottom of plug34 upwardly to a passage 50, which passes at right angles thereto fromthe chamber 37 to a passage 51, formed by a grooved strip 52, insertedin a grooved channel in the inner easing. This passage 51 leads acrossthe stages and through the several plugs 53, which serve as heads forthe cylinders 54, communicating with the stagechambers 18. By-passageslead through the ccntrr-of the plugs 53 and admit thepres-r sure inpassage 51 against the outer ends of the pi tans 56, which movein thecylinders 54 and are connected by stems 57 to stagevalves 58, whosefaces are beveled to engage bevel-seats 59, formed in the shoulder 3 ofthe diaphragm. Guides 60, integral with the inner end of each valve,direct its movements and maintain it in proper alinement with its seat,while permitting the free passage of the motor fluid from thewheel-compartment into the chamber 18. Each supply-valve 30 is providedwith a tapering extension 61, which is normally disposed within thepassage 11 and within which is formed a flaring central opening 62,whichcommunicates with-apassage 63, leading through the stem 31, piston 32,and the extension 38. this passage 63 will be in communication with thechamber 37, under the control of valve 45 and since the extension 38,which moves pressure-tight within the cylinder 35, is longer than thestroke of the piston 32 the pressure above said piston cannot escapethrough this passage 63 except through the passages 49 and 36. x

My fluid pressuregoverning mechanism, which controls theadmission ofpressure above the diaphragms 43 in the controller-chambers, comprises acontroller-casing 64 in two'parts, securely bolted together and adaptedto form between them a cylinder 65, Within which a piston 66 is disposedand actuated by a stem 67, leading through a packinggland 68 andconnected at its outer end to any suitable governor or, if desired,manual controlling devices. A transverse opening in the shape of anordinary keyhole 69 leads transversely through the piston and through anextension 70 thereof, which is disposed in a pressurecontroller chamber71, formed in the lower portion of the casing. Fluid pressure isadmitted to the supply-port 72 from any suitable source and passesthrough the opening 69, which I shall hereinafter term thegovernornozzle, and is delivered to the passage 73 and to one or more ofconduits 74, formed by superimposed channeled strips 75, seated in ashouldered groove in the supply-head and retained in position bytheflange 7 6, formed integral with the locking-ring 6, in the manner shownand more clearly described in a pending application. The curved ends 77of the strips enter a groove in the side of a block 78, which block isscrew-threaded into a chamber formed in the head 1. The passage 73connects with a flaring passage 79, leading through the block 7 8, whichis provided with a tongue 80, which extends flush with the top of flange76, to which the controller casing 64 is firmly secured. The ends ofstrips 75 are also flush with the top of flange 7 6, where they aretapered so that the openings to conduits 74 are very' narrow and dividedby Very thin partitions. The

upper end of flaring passage 79 corresponds Through the passage 36' whenthe latter is moved fully to the left it will discharge all of the fluidstreamflowing therethrough into said passage, whence it will escapethrough passage 73 and a nozzle 81 and impinge. against the buckets 15.The channels in the strips 7 5 terminate near their ends, where theycommunicate with a branch passage 82, leading through the center of theplugs 42 into the upper end of the controllerchambers above the.diaphragms 43; These conduits will therefore be closed pressuretight attheir inner ends, and it therefore follows that the stream of fluid inthe passage 79 will act with an ejector effect to exhaust the pressurefrom chamber 71, and accordingly from these several conduits which openthereinto. Thus when the nozzle is directly over the passage 79 allpressurewill be exhausted from conduits 74 and the controller-chambersabove the diaphragms, and as the narrow injector portion 83 of thenozzle moves succes-' sively over the ports of the several conduits,which are shown more clearly in Fig. 3, the direct portion of thecontroller stream of fluid will act with an injector effect to raise thepressure successively in the conduits and controller-chambers above thediaphragms to a high potential, and at the same time it will be notedthat'by reason of the fact that an enlarged portion of the nozzle isalways over the passage 79 its full ejector effect will always exist andmaintain a vacuum in the chamber 71 and in the conduits 74 not directlyexposed to the injector action of the stream. It is in this particularthat the present construction of the controllernozzle constitutes animprovement over thenozzles shown and detion of the stream to maintainby its ejector action'an effective vacuum in the controllerchamber 71. Iprovide for the free escape of the fluid stream delivered by theinjector portion 83 of the governor-nozzle to the conduits 74 after thepressure in the conduit has been raised by impact to its full potential,so that the surplus fluid will be completely ejected by the flow offluid through passage 73 and will have no effect in the conduits notdirectly beneath portion 83. signed to maintain only high pressure or aVacuum and no intermediate pressures in the conduits andcontroller-chambers. The removable block 84 in the flange 76 permits thedisengagement of the ring 6 from the shell without disturbingthe plug 78and strips 7 5. The motor-fluid pressure is admitted below 'diaphragms43 in the several controller-cham bers by passages 83, leading from thesupply- My apparatus is depassage 28 through the head and side ofcasings 41.

The operation of'my governing mechanism is as follows: Before theadmission of pressure to the turbine or governing mechanism the valves30 and 45 will be moved by the action of the coiled springs bearingagainst them to close passages 11 and 36, respectively. If pressure beturned into passage 8, it will enter chambers 10 and open valves 30 andthrough passages 83 will act on the diaphragms 43 to lift valves 45until they close the passages 44 and cut off the admission of the highpressure into chambers 37. At the same time these valves opencommunication through passages 36 between passages 63, leading throughthe valves 30, and the passages and 51, leading through the casing tothe stage-valve cylinders, so that the flow of the motor fluid in thenozzles 12 around the extensions 61 will act with an ejector or suctionaction to create a vacuum in chambers 37. This partial vacuum willextend through passages 50 and 49 to the cylinders above pistons 32 andthrough 51 and to the outer ends of cylinders 54 and will thus withdrawall pressure from above pistons 32 and by reducing the pressure againstpistons 56 will assist in the opening movement of the stage-valves,which will be effected by the action of the compartment-pressure againsttheir heads 58. Before the turbine acquires speed of rotation thegovernor-nozzle 69 will be disposed directly over passage 7 9, intowhich it will discharge the entire stream of controller fluid, whichpasses through nozzle 81 and assists in driving the rotor-wheels. Theejector action of this stream will produce a vacuum in all the conduits74 and in the controller-chambers above the diaphragms. As the speed ofthe turbine increases this nozzle 69 will move responsive to a speed ofother type of governor until its injector portion 83 assumes a positionover the first conduit 74. The injector action of the fluid stream willraise the pressure by impact in this conduit and in thecontroller-chamber to which it leads until it counterbalances themotor-fluid pressure below diaphragm 43, when spring 48 will cause valve45 to close passage 36 and open passage 44. Motor fluid will now enterchamber 37 and passing through passages 51 and 49 will equalize pressureabove and below piston 32, when spring 40 will close valve 30. The highpressure will continue through passage 51 and entering cylinders 54through passages 55 will move pistons 56 inwardly against internalpressure and close stage-valves 58. "he passage 49 being restricted willretard the movement of the supply-valve, so that it will movesynchronously with the row of stage-valves. As the speed increases thenozzle 69 will successively raise the pressure above the diaphragms 43and by moving the controller-valves 45 will close supply and stagevalves until the volume of motor fluid is proportioned to the load andthe turbine running at a constant speed. If now the load be increased,governor-nozzle 69 will move to the left, Fig. 2, and expose the passageleading to the diaphragm controlling the critical controller-valve 45,to the vacuum existing in chamber 70, when the pressure below thediaphragm will overcome spring 48 and raise said valve to close passage44 and open passage 36, so thatthe escape of the high pressure abovepiston 32 through passages 49, 50, 36, and 6?) into the first stage willunbalance piston 32, which will be raised by the high pressurebelow itin chamber 10, overcoming the tension of spring 40. As valve 30 leavesits seat the rush of pressure through nozzle 12 around extension 61 willact by suction in passage 63 to exhaust practically all the pressurefrom above piston 32 and from passage 51, so that the row ofstage-valves will open autmnatically and the upward movement of thesupplyvalve be made positive. As the load is decreased toward afriction-load the controllernozzle will successively assume a positionover the conduits 74 and create pressure therein to move thecontroller-valves 45 to their lower positions, which will cause all thesupplyvalves to successively move to a closed position. Under afriction-load the controllerstream of fluid passing through nozzle 81will not exceed a volume suflicient to drive the turbine. In case thereare a large number of stages, in some of which a high vacuum exists, andthe ejector action of the supply-valves is not effective to lower thepressure in passages 51 below that in thelast compartments springs maybe utilized to assist the compartment-pressures in opening the valves.

Though I have shown spring means to assist in closing the supply-valves30 when substantially balanced between the pressures on both sides oftheir pistons this same efl'eet may be gained by reducing thecross-sectional area of the extension 38, so that the piston will beunbalanced and have a tendency to move downwardly when the high pressureexists above it.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a turbine, a valve moved by a piston, a casing therefor comprisinga cylinder, a controller-chamber, means to admit a high pressure to saidchamber and to said cylinder below said piston, and a controller-valvemovable sensitive to the pressure in said chamber which controls meansto admit pressure to and eject it from above said piston.

2. In a turbine, a valve moved by a piston, a casing having a cylinderfor said piston, a nozzle-passage for the motor fluid, a suctionpassageleading through said valve and its piston and opening into said nozzle,means to admit oppositely-acting pressures against said piston tosubstantially balance it, means acting to move the piston when balancedto close said valve, and a controller-valve which admits and cuts oii'pressure from above said piston actuated valve therefona cylind er forsaid pisand opens communication-between the upper end of-sai'd cylinderand said suction-passage.

valve to open it, and a controller-valve which alternately admits highpressure against said piston-operated valveto close it, and exhaustssaid pressure intoa nozzle to cause said valve I to open.

4:. In a turbine, a no zle-passage, a pistonton, an extension ofsaidpiston which-moves 1n a chamber formed n ahead of sa d firstmentionedcylinder, apassagehleaiding from said chamber to acontroller-valvechamber, a -passage leading through saldextenslonandpiston and througha portion offsaid valve below its face, a permanentlyopen conduit leading from said cylinder tosaid controller-valve Achamber, a h1ghpressure passage also leading to said chamber, and valvemeans thereln to,

open and close said passages. p I

5. In a turbine, a piston-operated valve, a cylinder therefor exposed atits lower end to a constant high pressurefltending to open said valve, anozzle-passage which is opened and closed by said valve,';a conduitleading from the upper end of said cylinder toa valvechamber which hascommunication by passages which lead to a sourceofhigh pressure and tosaid nozzle, and a controller-valve in said chamber'which opens andcloses said passages to vary the pressure above said pistonvalve. I

6. In a governing mechanism fora fluid-motor, a nozzle, afluid-pressure-actuate'd valve therefor, moved in'one direction by themotorfluid, a chamber for the fluid-pressure which moves said valve inan opposite direction, ports in said chamber which expose it to a highpressure and to the suction action of a passage opening into saidnozzle, a controller means normally closingone'or the other of saidports, and means to communicate said chamber-pressure to said valve.

7. In a governing mechanism for a fluid-motor, a plurality ofpiston-actuated valves, cylinders for said pistons normally exposed atone end to a high pressure, and at the other to the pressures existingin valve-chambers which severally and independently communicate with ahigh and a low or exhaust pressure, valves in said chambers, andfluid-pres,

sure-controller means. for said valves.

' 8. In a turbine, a governing means, a controller-valve actuatedthereby, a three-way chamber for said valve, ways leading respectivelyto a high pressure, to a passage exposed bine-valve to a high or exhaustpressure, and i I means to move said turbine-valve in opposition to saidcontroller-pressure.

9. In a turbine, a piston-actuated valve, a cylinder therefor and anozzle which is opened and closed thereby, a pressure acting-to movesaid piston in one direction, a controllervalve controlling theadmission of an oppositely-acting pressure to said piston, means to movesaid valve to a, closed position when its piston is exposed to both ofsaid pressures, a passage leading through said piston and valve which isexposed to the suction action of the motor fluid flowing through saidnozzle when said valve is unseated, and to the pressure in saidcontroller-valve. i 10. In'a turbine, a piston-operated valvecontrolling the admission of motor fluid to a nozzle, pressure means toopen said valve, a

spring acting against said pressure means, and

a controller-valve,which alternately admits a high pressure (tocooperate with said spring in closing said valve and exhausts saldpres-' sure into said nozzle to enable said first-mentioned pressuremeans to open'said valve.

11. In a'turbine, a plurality of fluid-actuated valves admitting motorfluid to a rotating element, a plurality of fluid-pressure diaphragms,actuating means under the control of said diaphragms, to operate saidvalves, and fluid-pressure means to move said diaphragms. 12. In aturbine, a supply-head section for a wheel-compartment, a nozzle-passageadmittingqmotor fluid to said compartment, a fluidactuated valve forsaid passage,and a valve high or low pressure to the other sidetoactuate said controlling means and cause the fluid-actuated valve toopen or close.

14. In a turbine, a supply-head for a wheelcompartment, a chambertherein in which a fluid-actuated supply-valve, a controller-valvetherefor, and a pressure-diaphragm to move said controller-valve, are,disposed.

15. In a turbine, asupply-head for a wheelcompartment, a fluid-actuatedsupply-valve and its controller means disposed in said head, saidcontroller means comprising a casing, a fluid-pressure diaphragmtherein, and a con troller-valve actuated by said diaphragm.

. 16. In a turbine, a wheel-compartment,a rotating element therein anda-plurality of thinlaminations interposed and suitably separated anddisposed around the wall of said compartment for the purposes described.

17 In a turbine, a wheel-compartment, laminations disposed around theside wall for said compartment and having interstices between alternatelaminations, and means to superheat said laminations.

inner side with a plurality of narrow inter-- stices adapted to retainthe water of condensation thrown off from the rotating element bycapillary attraction, and means to reevaporate said water ofcondensation.

20. In a turbine, a supply-head for a wheelcom partm ent, an inlet endfor a nozzle formed in said head and an element securely bolted to theunder side of said head and provided with a compound inclined nozzlepassage which communicates with said inlet-opening in the head' anddelivers motor fluid against a rotor-Wheel.

21. In a turbine, a supply-head for a wheelcompartment, a plurality ofopenings therein communicating witha source of motor-fluid pressure anda ring secured to the under side of said head and formed with aplurality of compound nozzle-passages each of which communicates withone of said openings in the head and discharges the motor fluid at anangle against rotating buckets.

22. In a turbine, a diaphragm dividing its interior intowheel-compartments, nozzle-passages admitting motor fluid againstrevolving buckets in said compartments, a peripheral shoulder aroundsaid diaphragm disposed beneath said buckets and supportingsuperheatingcoils, and valve-controlled ports for ex hausting pressurefrom said compartments, formed in said shoulders.

23. In a multiple stage turbine, a diaphragm-partition having aperipheral shoulder, superheating-coils disposed upon said shoulder,exhaust-ports formed in the side of said shoulder and radially-movablepistonvalves which control the exhaust of pressure from saidcompartments.

24. In a turbine, a wheel-compartment, means to admit motor fluidthereto and exhaust it therefrom, a rotating element therein providedwith peripheral buckets and actuated by said fluid, superheated sidewalls for said compartment, a superheating-table supporting coilsdisposed beneath said buckets and superheating-coilsdisposed upon theexhausthead.

25. In a turbine, a divided nozzle which delivers motor fluid against arotating element, detachable division-plates comprising a centraltapering portion, and suitable recesses in the side walls of saidnozzle-passages in which the sides of said plates enter and are firmlySecured.

26. In a turbine, a nozzle-passage formed in a stationary portionthereof, oppositely-disposed recesses leading from its discharge endinwardly on a straight line to its curved portion, and taperingdivision-plates having side walls adapted to be inserted in the openends of said recesses and secured therein.

27. In a turbine, fluid-pressure-controlled supply and stage valves, acontroller-valve chamber for a supply-valve and one or more stage-valves, valve means in said chamber which control the admission theretoof either a high pressure or a vacuum created by the ejector action of astream of motor fluid, and means to communicate the pressure or vacuuminsaid chamber to said valves.

28. In a turbine, fluid-pressure-controlled supply and stage valves. anda controller means for a group of said valves comprising a valvechamber,a conduit leading therefrom and communicating with the stage valve orvalves of the group and by a restricted passage with a supply-valve, andvalve means to admit fluid-pressure to and exhaust it from said conduitand passage.

29. In a turbine,a piston-actuated valve controlling the admission offluid pressure through a nozzle, a cylinder for said piston, asuction-passage formed in and movable with said piston and valve, whichis not directly exposed to the pressure above said piston,piston-actuated stage-valves, cylinders therefor, and means to exposesaid stage and supply valve cylinders to the pressure existing in saidnozzle When said supply-valve is closed and to the suction actioncreated in said suction-passage by the ejector action of the fluidflowing through said nozzle when said valve is unseated, to cause saidsupply and stage valves to be opened by suitable means, and means to cutoff communication between said cylinders and suction-passage, and toclose said valves.

30. In a governing mechanism for a fluidmotor, a controller-chamber, anormally open passage and one or more conduits, closed at their outerends leading from said chamber, a governor-nozzle which in all positionsdischarges a stream of fluid directly into said passage to exhaust thepressure from said chamber by an ejector action, and which, according toits position, raises the pressure in one or more of said conduits by theinjector action of part of said stream, and one or more motor-fluidvalves controlled by the pressure in said conduit or conduits.

31. In a governing mechanism for motorfluid valves, acontroller-chamber, a passage and one or more conduits for thevalve-controlling pressure leading therefrom, and a governor-nozzlemovable relatively to said passage and conduit or conduits and adaptedto discharge in all its positions a portion at least of the stream offluid flowing through it directly into said passage to exhaust thepressure from said chamber.

32. In a fluid-pressure-governing means in which the injector andejector action of acontinuously-flowing stream of fluid is utilized tocontrol means to vary the supply of motorfluid, the combinationtherewith of a controller-chamber, anozzle and one or morecontroller-passages leading therefrom, and a governor-nozzle designedand operated to maintain a portion of its discharge end alwaysover saidnozzle-passage. v

33. In a fluid-pressure-governing means, a controller-nozzle formed by asubstantially keyholeshaped opening through a movable element, and acontinuously-flowing stream of fluid which is directed by said nozzleand actuates valves controlling the supply of motor fluid to a turbine.

34:. In a.fluid-pressure-governing means, a governor nozzle formed withan enlarged ejector and a contracted injector portion, acontroller-chamber from which pressure is exhausted by the fluid flowingthrough said ejector-portion, conduits for valve controllingfluid-pressure, means to move the injector portion of said nozzlesuccessively over the ports to said conduits and valves whose operationis controlled by the pressure in said conduits.

35. 'In a governing mechanism for a fluidmotor, an induction-nozzle, avalve therefor, motor-fluid pressure tending to move said valve in onedirection, a chamber, means to maintain therein either a high pressureor a vacuum, which is created by the ejector action of a flowing streamof fluid, and means to expose said valve to said high pressure or saidvacuum in said chamber to control its movements.

36. .In a governing mechanism for a turbine,

a plurality of turbine-valves, motor-fluid nozzles, means to move saidvalves in one direction, a plurality of chambers which are exposedeither to a high pressure or a vacuum which is created by the ejectoraction of a flowing stream of fluid, and means to utilize thechamber-pressures to control the operation of said valves.

37. In a turbine,-a plurality of motor-fluidsupply nozzles,fluid-actuated valves therefor, plurality of secondary valvescontrolling the operation of the turbine-valves, and a plurality ofindependent pressure-actuated diaphragms which actuate said secondaryvalves.

38. In a turbine, a plurality of motor-fluidsupply nozzles,fluid-actuated valves therefor, a plurality of secondary valvescontrolling the operation of the turbine-valves, and a plurality ofindependent fluid pressure diaphragms which actuate said secondaryvalves under the control of the governor mechanism.

39. In a turbine operating by stage expansion, supply and stage valvesfor the motor fluid, fluid-pressure means to actuate said valves ingroups across stages comprising conduits each of which is common to theactuating means for a group of valves, an independent controller-chamberfor each conduit and a valve therein which admits a high pressure tosaid chamber and conduit and exhausts it therefrom under the control ofa governing means.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification inpresence of two witnesses.

JAMES WILKINSON. Witnesses:

Geo. HEAVEN, H. M. HoR'roN.

